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ADC3223IRGZT ADC3223IRGZT 12673 Texas Instruments IC ADC 12BIT PIPELINED 48VQFN 48-VFQFN Exposed Pad
ADC11C125CISQ/NOPB ADC11C125CISQ/NOPB 17617 Texas Instruments IC ADC 11BIT PIPELINED 48WQFN 48-WFQFN Exposed Pad
ADS8885IDGSR ADS8885IDGSR 7685 Texas Instruments IC ADC 18BIT SAR 10VSSOP 10-TFSOP, 10-MSOP (0.118", 3.00mm Width)
TLC2555IDGK TLC2555IDGK 24331 Texas Instruments IC ADC 12BIT SAR 8VSSOP 8-TSSOP, 8-MSOP (0.118", 3.00mm Width)
ADC34J22IRGZT ADC34J22IRGZT 21191 Texas Instruments IC ADC 12BIT PIPELINED 48VQFN 48-VFQFN Exposed Pad
ADS8598HIPMR ADS8598HIPMR 16861 Texas Instruments IC ADC 18BIT SAR 64LQFP 64-LQFP
ADC32J42IRGZR ADC32J42IRGZR 17120 Texas Instruments IC ADC 48VQFN 48-VFQFN Exposed Pad
TLV1508IDW TLV1508IDW 27639 Texas Instruments IC ADC 10BIT SAR 20SOIC 20-SOIC (0.295", 7.50mm Width)
ADS7812UB/1K ADS7812UB/1K 28547 Texas Instruments IC ADC 12BIT SAR 16SOIC 16-SOIC (0.295", 7.50mm Width)
ADS1210U/1K ADS1210U/1K 1082 Texas Instruments IC ADC 24BIT SIGMA-DELTA 18SOIC 18-SOIC (0.295", 7.50mm Width)
ADS8405IPFBR ADS8405IPFBR 24878 Texas Instruments IC ADC 16BIT SAR 48TQFP 48-TQFP
TLC3545IDGK TLC3545IDGK 13452 Texas Instruments IC ADC 14BIT SAR 8VSSOP 8-TSSOP, 8-MSOP (0.118", 3.00mm Width)
ADS7863IDBQR ADS7863IDBQR 20708 Texas Instruments IC ADC 12BIT SAR 24SSOP 24-SSOP (0.154", 3.90mm Width)
TLC1518IPW TLC1518IPW 4326 Texas Instruments IC ADC 10BIT SAR 20TSSOP 20-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width)
ADC32J23IRGZT ADC32J23IRGZT 24080 Texas Instruments IC ADC 12BIT PIPELINED 48VQFN 48-VFQFN Exposed Pad
ADS7263SRHBR ADS7263SRHBR 14782 Texas Instruments IC ADC 14BIT SAR 32VQFN 32-VFQFN Exposed Pad
TLV2553IDW TLV2553IDW 28795 Texas Instruments IC ADC 12BIT SAR 20SOIC 20-SOIC (0.295", 7.50mm Width)
TLC1550IDWR TLC1550IDWR 3118 Texas Instruments IC ADC 10BIT SAR 24SOIC 24-SOIC (0.295", 7.50mm Width)
ADC0848BCV/NOPB ADC0848BCV/NOPB 27424 Texas Instruments IC ADC 8BIT SAR 28PLCC 28-LCC (J-Lead)
ADS8332IBRGER ADS8332IBRGER 3292 Texas Instruments IC ADC 16BIT SAR 24VQFN 24-VFQFN Exposed Pad

Analog to Digital Converters (ADC)

1. What are Analog to Digital Converters (ADC)?

‌Basic Definition

ADC (Analog-to-digital converter) is an electronic device that converts continuously changing analog signals (such as voltage and current) into discrete digital signals (binary code). It builds a bridge between the physical world (analog signal) and digital systems (processors, controllers).

 

‌Functional Significance

Digital systems (such as microprocessors) can only process binary signals (0/1), while the analog signals output by physical sensors (temperature, pressure, etc.) need to be converted into digital quantities through ADC before they can be recognized and processed by digital circuits.

 

2. How does Analog to Digital Converters (ADC) Work?

The conversion process of ADC includes four key steps:

‌Sampling‌: Collect the instantaneous value of the analog signal at fixed time intervals.

‌Holding‌: Hold the sampled value for a short time to ensure signal stability during conversion.

‌Quantization‌: Map the sampled value to a finite discrete level (determined by the resolution).

‌Encoding‌: Convert the quantized value to a binary digital output.

 

For example, a 4-bit ADC divides the analog voltage into 24=16 discrete levels and outputs a 4-bit binary code to represent the relative voltage value.

 

3. Key Performance Parameters of Analog to Digital Converters (ADC)

‌Resolution

The number of bits of the output digital quantity (such as 8 bits, or 12 bits) determines the minimum resolvable voltage (Vref/(2N−1)).

 

‌Sampling Rate

The number of samples per second (Hz), which must meet the Nyquist theorem (twice higher than the highest frequency of the signal).

 

‌Reference Voltage 

The reference standard for conversion, the output digital quantity represents the ratio of the input signal to the reference voltage.

 

4. What are Analog to Digital Converters (ADC) Used for?

‌Automotive electronics‌: temperature/pressure sensor signal conversion to ECU (electronic control unit).

‌Medical Equipment‌: digital acquisition of physiological signals (such as electrocardiogram, blood pressure).

‌Industrial Control‌: real-time monitoring of analog quantities (flow, displacement) and feedback to digital systems.

 

5. What are the Types of Analog to Digital Converters (ADC)?

ADC types are diverse, including:

‌Successive Approximation Register (SAR) ‌: balance speed and accuracy.

‌Σ-Δ Type‌: high-resolution audio processing.

‌Pipeline Type‌: high-speed communication system.

 

ADC is the core interface device of modern electronic systems, and its performance directly affects the accuracy and efficiency of data acquisition.

 

6. Analog to Digital Converters (ADC) FAQs

1)‌How to reduce ADC errors? ‌

Use an external high-stability reference voltage source (instead of an internal reference);

Add hardware filtering (such as RC low-pass filtering) to reduce noise;

Optimize PCB layout: shorten signal routing and keep away from high-frequency interference sources;

Software calibration of offset/gain errors.

 

2) ‌What to do if the input signal amplitude is too small? ‌

The pre-gain amplifier (PGA) amplifies the signal to the ADC range and improves the effective resolution.

 

3) ‌How to avoid interference when acquiring multiple channels? ‌

Configure a reasonable sampling time (allow the signal to stabilize);

Use differential input mode to suppress common-mode noise.

 

4) ‌How to choose an ADC model? ‌

Resolution: The more subtle the change in sensor output, the higher the bit number required (e.g. 12 bits for temperature monitoring, 16 bits or more for audio acquisition);

Sampling Rate: Dynamic signals (e.g. audio) require MHz level, and low-speed sensors can be reduced to kSPS35.

 

5) ‌What is the performance of the built-in ADC of MCUs such as STM32? ‌

Most of them meet general requirements: 12-bit resolution, 1MSPS sampling rate, support for multi-channel scanning and calibration functions, and better cost performance than external ADC chips.